This guide covers the fundamental concepts and syntax of the RTR language.
Getting Started
RTR is a simple but powerful scripting language. Here's a basic example:
event (onload) {
/* Print a message */
log("Hello, World!");
/* Create a variable */
name = "John";
/* Use the variable */
log(join("Hello, ", name));
}
Variables
Variables in RTR are dynamically typed and can hold any type of value.
/* Numbers */
age = 25;
pi = 3.14159;
/* Strings */
name = "Alice";
greeting = 'Hello';
/* Booleans */
isActive = true;
isDone = false;
/* Arrays */
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
names = ["John", "Jane", "Bob"];
/* Objects */
person = {name: "John", age: 30, isActive: true};
Basic Operations
Arithmetic Operations
a = 10; b = 3;
sum = a + b; /* 13 */
difference = a - b; /* 7 */
product = a * b; /* 30 */
quotient = a / b; /* 3.333... */
remainder = a % b; /* 1 */
power = a ^ b; /* 1000 */
String Operations
firstName = "John"; lastName = "Doe";
/* String concatenation */
fullName = join(firstName, " ", lastName);
/* String length */
nameLength = length(fullName);
/* String splitting */
parts = split(fullName, " ");
Comparison Operations
a = 5; b = 10;
isEqual = a == b; /* false */
isNotEqual = a != b; /* true */
isGreater = a > b; /* false */
isLess = a < b; /* true */
isGreaterOrEqual = a >= b; /* false */
isLessOrEqual = a <= b; /* true */
Logical Operations
isTrue = true; isFalse = false;
andResult = all(isTrue, isFalse); /* false */
orResult = any(isTrue, isFalse); /* true */
notResult = not(isTrue); /* false */
Control Flow
If Statements
age = 18;
if (age >= 18) {
log("Adult");
} elif (age >= 13) {
log("Teenager");
} else {
log("Child");
}
Loops
While Loop
count = 0;
while (count < 5) {
log(count);
count += 1;
}
Repeat Loop
repeat (5) {
log("Hello");
}
For Loop
for (i, range(1, 5)) {
log(i);
}
Functions
Function Definition
greet = (name)~{
return(join("Hello, ", name));
}
Function Call
message = greet("John");
log(message); /* Outputs: Hello, John */
Function with Multiple Parameters
calculate = (a, b, operation)~{
if (operation == "add") {
return(a + b);
} elif (operation == "subtract") {
return(a - b);
} elif (operation == "multiply") {
return(a * b);
} elif (operation == "divide") {
return(a / b);
}
}
Objects and Methods
Object Creation
person = obj(); person.name = "John"; person.age = 30;
Method Definition
person.greet = (name)~{
return(join("Hello, ", name, "! I am ", this.name));
}
Method Call
message = person.greet("Alice");
log(message); /* Outputs: Hello, Alice! I am John */
Built-in Functions
Mathematical Functions
min(5, 3, 8); /* Returns 3 */
max(5, 3, 8); /* Returns 8 */
abs(-5); /* Returns 5 */
round(3.7); /* Returns 4 */
floor(3.7); /* Returns 3 */
ceil(3.7); /* Returns 4 */
sqrt(16); /* Returns 4 */
String Functions
join("Hello", " ", "World"); /* Returns "Hello World" */
split("Hello World", " "); /* Returns ["Hello", "World"] */
chr(65); /* Returns "A" */
ord("A"); /* Returns 65 */
Array Functions
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
length(numbers); /* Returns 5 */
item(numbers, 2); /* Returns 3 */
range(1, 5); /* Returns [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] */
Object Functions
person = {name: "John", age: 30};
keys(person); /* Returns ["name", "age"] */
values(person); /* Returns ["John", 30] */
has(person, "name"); /* Returns true */
Error Handling
Basic error handling can be done using the onerror event:
event (onerror) {
log("An error occurred:", error);
}
Best Practices
Use meaningful variable names
Use multiline comments for documentation
Break complex operations into smaller functions
Use proper indentation for readability (though not required)
Handle errors appropriately
Use built-in functions when available
Keep functions small and focused
